Neue wissenschaftliche Aufsätze
Landscape and Urban Planning
An International Journal of Landscape Science, Planning and Design
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| Towards multifunctional land use in an agricultural landscape: A trade-off and synergy analysis in the Lower Fraser Valley, Canada | ||
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| Publication date: April 2019Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 184Author(s): Anna M. Rallings, Sean M. Smukler, Sarah E. Gergel, Kent MullinixAbstractHedgerows and riparian buffers in agricultural landscapes can help increase landscape multifunctionality and thereby mitigate conflicts among agricultural production and environmental stewardship objectives. However, the relative merits of conserving versus increasing non-production perennial vegetation (NPPV) are not well understood despite the universal conflicts among such objectives in rapidly urbanizing and intensifying... | ||
| Valuing attributes of forest restoration in a semi-arid watershed | ||
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| Publication date: April 2019Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 184Author(s): Julie M. Mueller, Adrienne B. Soder, Abraham E. SpringerAbstractApproximately 1.5 M residents of the Phoenix metropolitan area rely upon the Salt Verde River watershed in central Arizona, USA, to meet their water demands. However, the health of the semi-arid watershed is at risk. Densely populated forests increase the probability of catastrophic wildfire and threaten the watershed’s integrity. Restoration reduces the risk of catastrophic wildfire and improves the health and productivity of the... | ||
| The implications for visual simulation and analysis of temporal variation in the visibility of wind turbines | ||
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| Publication date: April 2019Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 184Author(s): Ian D. BishopAbstractThe visual impact of wind turbines is a central issue in their public acceptance. New wind farm proposals are commonly subject to visual simulation and visual impact assessment. Guidelines for both these processes are already used in a number of jurisdictions and there is widespread interest in making simulation and impact assessments as meaningful as possible. To a large degree the guidelines for both processes tend to be based on worst-case (full-frontal) conditions. There are two... | ||
| Multi-year comparison of the effects of spatial pattern of urban green spaces on urban land surface temperature | ||
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| Publication date: April 2019Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 184Author(s): Mahyar Masoudi, Puay Yok TanAbstractUrban greening is increasingly viewed by cities worldwide as an effective measure to mitigate adverse impacts of urban heat island (UHI) effect. Despite the recognition of the possible influence of spatial pattern of urban green spaces (UGS) on their cooling effect by a small, yet growing body of literature, the results are inconsistent and inconclusive. This may be due to varying numbers and types of landscape metrics, and different statistical methods used in... | ||
| How suitable is entropy as a measure of urban sprawl? | ||
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| Publication date: April 2019Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 184Author(s): Naghmeh Nazarnia, Christopher Harding, Jochen A.G. JaegerAbstractUrban sprawl has found widespread attention among scholars, planners, and policy makers. It has been defined and measured in various ways, and there is still no general agreement on how to measure and control urban sprawl and how to prevent its many harmful effects on the natural environment and its negative socio-economic consequences. Entropy has been one of the most often used metrics for the measurement of urban sprawl. However, its... | ||
| Increasing local biodiversity in urban environments: Community development in semi-natural species-rich forb vegetation | ||
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| Publication date: April 2019Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 184Author(s): Mona Chor Bjørn, Jacob Weiner, Johannes Kollmann, Marian ØrgaardAbstractThere is much interest in supporting biodiversity through eye-catching low maintenance requiring herbaceous vegetation types in urban environments. Community development of forb vegetation is not well understood, and experimental studies investigating the potentials and limitations of establishing such vegetation are needed. We performed a field experiment including three mixtures of 19 forb species (three annuals, three biennials... | ||
| The “Green Belt Berlin”: Establishing a greenway where the Berlin Wall once stood by integrating ecological, social and cultural approaches | ||
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| Publication date: April 2019Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 184Author(s): Ingo KowarikAbstractUrban greenways benefit urban dwellers by providing multiple ecosystem services and by supporting biodiversity conservation in cities. Increasing competition for open space in growing cities, however, often hinders the establishment of greenways in those places where social demands for related services are highest. In the wake of the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, a new greenway, the “Green Belt Berlin,” is being established within the former border zone, which now links... | ||
| Understanding the local impact of urban park plans and park typology on housing price: A case study of the Busan metropolitan region, Korea | ||
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| Publication date: April 2019Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 184Author(s): Hyun-Soo Kim, Go-Eun Lee, Jae-Song Lee, Yeol ChoiAbstractThe valuation of urban parks using hedonic pricing has been thoroughly documented in a number of studies set in many cities. Just as the value of existing parks can be estimated by investigating the relationship between housing prices and parks, the value of future parks can also be estimated using this approach. This study recognized that a series of planning processes and land use transitions to create urban parks not only influences the... | ||
| Crowdsourcing geo-information on landscape perceptions and preferences: A review | ||
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| Publication date: April 2019Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 184Author(s): Martina Bubalo, Boris T. van Zanten, Peter H. VerburgAbstractThis paper offers a summary of different crowdsourcing modes to collect geo-information on landscape perception & preferences and cultural ecosystem services. Crowdsourcing modes range from harvesting information passively transmitted by large groups on the web to actively engaging the crowd to generate data by using dedicated mobile apps and web-platforms. The latter, active crowdsourcing projects, were described in more detail by analysing... | ||
| Social impacts of homelessness and long-term occupancy on national forests and grasslands: A national study of U.S. Forest Service law enforcement officers | ||
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| Publication date: April 2019Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 184Author(s): Joshua W.R. Baur, Lee CervenyAbstractLong-term occupancy by homeless individuals in U.S. national forests and grasslands results in persistent management challenges and resource concerns. Management challenges associated with non-recreational campers (homeless long-term occupants) include: maintaining sanitary conditions, public safety, vandalism, and conflict with other forest visitors. These management challenges may already be a substantial concern for district rangers and law enforcement officers... | ||
| How does urban population density decline over time? An exponential model for Chinese cities with international comparisons | ||
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| Publication date: March 2019Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 183Author(s): Gang Xu, Limin Jiao, Man Yuan, Ting Dong, Boen Zhang, Chunmeng DuAbstractIt is widely observed urban land expands faster than population grows, which results in declining urban population densities over time. However, it is not known how densities decline. By taking 35 major Chinese cities as examples, we propose an exponential model to quantify the temporal decline in urban population densities from 2001 to 2015. The average adjusted R2 of the exponential model for 35 cities is 0.68, indicating a... | ||
| How current lawn attributes affect choices concerning water conserving lawn options: An individualized choice experiment in Kelowna, British Columbia | ||
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| Publication date: March 2019Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 183Author(s): Steven A. Conrad, Joel Pipher, Wolfgang HaiderAbstractThis paper contributes to the study of water use and policies governing land use in residential landscapes. We employed a discrete choice experiment to examine the effect existing lawn attributes have on stated preferences of residents of detached homes in the City of Kelowna, British Columbia, for four approaches to reducing the irrigation requirements for their residential lawns: restrictions on lawn sizes; the use of drought-tolerant turfgrass... | ||
| Urban form and composition of street canyons: A human-centric big data and deep learning approach | ||
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| Publication date: March 2019Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 183Author(s): Ariane Middel, Jonas Lukasczyk, Sophie Zakrzewski, Michael Arnold, Ross MaciejewskiAbstractVarious research applications require detailed metrics to describe the form and composition of cities at fine scales, but the parameter computation remains a challenge due to limited data availability, quality, and processing capabilities. We developed an innovative big data approach to derive street-level morphology and urban feature composition as experienced by a pedestrian from Google Street View (GSV) imagery... | ||
| Does converting abandoned railways to greenways impact neighboring housing prices? | ||
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| Publication date: March 2019Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 183Author(s): Youngre NohAbstractThis research examines the housing market before and after abandoned railways are converted into greenways. Two different hedonic pricing models are employed to analyze changes in the impact and trend of the change—spatial regressions for before and after the conversion and the Adjusted Interrupted Time Series-Difference in Differences (AITS-DID) model. Analyzing 2005–2012 single-family home sale transactions in the City of Whittier, California the results show that converting the... | ||
| The contribution of key observation point evaluation to a scientifically rigorous approach to visual impact assessment | ||
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| Publication date: March 2019Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 183Author(s): James F. PalmerAbstractThis study introduces scientifically rigorous methods to visual impact assessment. Images of the existing condition are edited to simulate two alternatives at 22 key observation points (KOPs) along a proposed transmission line. Scenic value and visual contrast are assessed from the images by six independent evaluators. Photo validity and rating reliability are evaluated, and found acceptable. Procedures to measure cumulative and incremental visual impacts in a view are demonstrated... | ||
| Growth patterns and effects of urban micro-climate on two physiologically contrasting urban tree species | ||
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| Publication date: March 2019Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 183Author(s): Astrid Moser-Reischl, Mohammad A. Rahman, Stephan Pauleit, Hans Pretzsch, Thomas RötzerAbstractUrban tree plantings for climate-adapted and resilient cities need to consider growth, vitality and ecosystem services of the planted tree species particularly during drought. However, information on growth and ecosystem services of urban trees under changed climate conditions are rare for most species. This study investigated the intra-annual growth patterns of two common but physiologically contrasting urban... | ||
| Butterfly diversity along the urbanization gradient in a densely-built Mediterranean city: Land cover is more decisive than resources in structuring communities | ||
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| Publication date: March 2019Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 183Author(s): Olga Tzortzakaki, Vassiliki Kati, Maria Panitsa, Evangelos Tzanatos, Sinos GiokasAbstractUrbanization induces rapid landscape and habitat modifications leading to alterations in species distribution patterns and biodiversity loss. As pollinating insects such as butterflies are particularly susceptible to urbanization, it is important to pinpoint the factors that could enhance their diversity in the urban areas in order to design adequate management and conservation actions. Our study aims to investigate... | ||
| Evaluating climate change adaptation strategies and scenarios of enhanced vertical and horizontal compactness at urban scale (a case study for Berlin) | ||
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| Publication date: March 2019Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 183Author(s): Matthias Straka, Sahar SodoudiAbstractThis study evaluates the effectiveness of climate change adaptation strategies in Berlin, Germany, on a summer day by using the urban climate model MUKLIMO_3. White coating, green roofs and a combination of both are analysed regarding their cooling ability on the 2 m-temperature. Additionally, horizontal and vertical compactness are evaluated in terms of their respective impact on the micro climate. An enhanced albedo of the urban surfaces leads to the highest... | ||
| A GIS and object based image analysis approach to mapping the greenspace composition of domestic gardens in Leicester, UK | ||
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| Publication date: March 2019Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 183Author(s): Fraser Baker, Claire SmithAbstractGreenspace provides a range of environmental benefits for urban residents, and is considered an important resource in urban development strategies. However, city-wide greenspace benefit modelling approaches often overestimate greenspace within garden areas, or even omit gardens from such analysis. As combined garden areal extents are significant for UK urban areas, improved estimations of garden greenspace abundance are required to improve urban greenspace analysis. This... | ||
| Moving through the matrix: Promoting permeability for large carnivores in a human-dominated landscape | ||
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| Publication date: March 2019Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 183Author(s): Justine A. Smith, Timothy P. Duane, Christopher C. WilmersAbstractLandscape connectivity for wildlife populations is declining globally due to increasing development and habitat fragmentation. However, outside of full protection of undeveloped wildlife corridors, conservation planners have limited tools to identify the appropriate level of densification such that landscape permeability for wildlife is maintained. Here we sought to determine the development characteristics that contribute to movement... | ||
