Neue wissenschaftliche Aufsätze
Landscape and Urban Planning
An International Journal of Landscape Science, Planning and Design
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| Natural burial as a land conservation tool in the US | ||
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| Publication date: October 2018Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 178Author(s): Christopher Coutts, Carlton Basmajian, Joseph Sehee, Sarah Kelty, Patrice C. WilliamsAbstractNatural burial (NB) is an ecologically-sensitive alternative to traditional burial in a lawn-park cemetery. NB can reduce or eliminate the use of resources and toxic byproducts, but NB may also be more environmentally sustainable due to its potential as a land conservation tool. We address the research question ‘How is natural burial being used as a tool for land conservation?’ by assessing secondary data of... | ||
| Bicycles evoke longer flight-initiation distances and higher intensity escape behaviour of some birds in parks compared with pedestrians | ||
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| Publication date: October 2018Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 178Author(s): Guillaume E. Bernard, Wouter F.D. van Dongen, Patrick-Jean Guay, Matthew R.E. Symonds, Randall W. Robinson, Michael A. WestonAbstractWildlife discriminate between potential threats they encounter and may modulate their escape responses accordingly. Flight-initiation distances (FIDs), the distance at which an animal initiates escape to an approaching threat, can inform separation distances which minimise disturbance. However, FID data are currently lacking for many common human-related stimuli... | ||
| Physical activity areas in urban parks and their use by the elderly from two cities in China and Germany | ||
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| Publication date: October 2018Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 178Author(s): Yanping Duan, Petra Wagner, Ru Zhang, Hagen Wulff, Walter BrehmAbstractUrban parks have been recognized as important physical activity (PA) places for senior city residents. This research aimed to investigate PA areas in parks and their use by the elderly in a Chinese (Hong Kong) and a German city (Leipzig). PA areas and the PA executed by the elderly were observed in six parks in each city. Additionally, observers also surveyed overall PA, park-based PA and park accessibility of the active elderly in... | ||
| Visualising the urban green volume: Exploring LiDAR voxels with tangible technologies and virtual models | ||
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| Publication date: October 2018Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 178Author(s): K. Anderson, S. Hancock, S. Casalegno, A. Griffiths, D. Griffiths, F. Sargent, J. McCallum, D.T.C. Cox, K.J. GastonAbstractThe distribution of vegetation within urban zones is well understood to be important for delivery of a range of ecosystem services. While urban planners and human geographers are conversant with methodologies for describing and exploring the volumetric nature of built spaces there is less research that has developed imaginative ways of visualising the complex spatial and volumetric... | ||
| Analyzing differences among non-adopters of residential stormwater management practices | ||
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| Publication date: October 2018Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 178Author(s): Dong Won Shin, Laura McCannAbstractThis study identifies a profile of households that are likely to have stronger intentions to adopt two stormwater management practices, rain gardens and rain barrels. In particular, this study identifies the characteristics of likely adopters compared to persistent non-adopters. The data is from a survey in Columbia, Missouri with a 44% response rate. Results of multinomial logit models show that being female and living in a suburban area are important demographic... | ||
| Accessible habitat and wetland structure drive occupancy dynamics of a threatened amphibian across a peri-urban landscape | ||
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| Publication date: October 2018Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 178Author(s): Andrew J. HamerAbstractPopulations of aquatic-breeding amphibians are declining from habitat loss, fragmentation and degradation. Identifying how populations are affected by landscape barriers such as roads is essential for conservation and requires understanding the processes underpinning species occupancy in fragmented landscapes. Here, I assessed relationships between the occupancy dynamics of the threatened green and golden bell frog (Litoria aurea) and accessible habitat; i.e., the area of... | ||
| The effects of a motorway on movement behaviour and gene flow in a forest carnivore: Joint evidence from road mortality, radio tracking and genetics | ||
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| Publication date: October 2018Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 178Author(s): Filipe Carvalho, André Lourenço, Rafael Carvalho, Paulo C. Alves, António Mira, Pedro BejaAbstractRoads represent barriers to animal movement due to physical obstruction, mortality, or behavioural avoidance. The population-level consequences of such constraints remain poorly understood, because successful crossings may be sufficient to counteract negative effects of fragmentation and isolation. Here we examine the individual- and population-level barrier effects of a motorway on the common genet... | ||
| Understanding social preferences for land use in wastewater treatment plant buffer zones | ||
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| Publication date: October 2018Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 178Author(s): M.S. Iftekhar, M. Burton, F. Zhang, I. Kininmonth, J. FogartyAbstractThis study explores community preferences regarding alternative land uses in wastewater treatment plant buffer zones in Western Australia. The study uses the choice experiment method, and is the first study to apply this method to the context of wastewater treatment plant buffer zone management. In the study there are two information conditions and four land use options. In the first information condition different land use options... | ||
| Designing the garden of Geddes: The master gardener and the profession of landscape architecture | ||
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| Publication date: October 2018Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 178Author(s): Jan WoudstraAbstractThe influence of Patrick Geddes (1854–1932) on the landscape architecture profession has been widely acknowledged, but there is no critical review of the nature of this influence on theory and practice. Geddes appears to have been the first person in Britain to adopt the term landscape architect to denote a profession in the American sense as someone who dealt with city planning, civic design and parks systems. This profession seemed to encompass his wide ranging interests... | ||
| The potential of local climate zones maps as a heat stress assessment tool, supported by simulated air temperature data | ||
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| Publication date: October 2018Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 178Author(s): Marie-Leen Verdonck, Matthias Demuzere, Hans Hooyberghs, Christoph Beck, Josef Cyrys, Alexandra Schneider, Robert Dewulf, Frieke Van CoillieAbstractHigh population densities in cities and rapid urban growth increase the vulnerability of the urban environment to extreme weather events. Urban planning should account for these extreme events as efficiently as possible. One way is to locate hot spots in an urban environment by mapping cities into local climate zones (LCZ) and evaluate heat stress related... | ||
| Applying precision triaxial accelerometer to monitor branch sway of an urban tree in a tropical cyclone | ||
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| Publication date: October 2018Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 178Author(s): Louis S.H. Lee, C.Y. JimAbstractTrees are invaluable to urban landscape and environmental quality. However, tree failure can jeopardize life and property. Although the sway behavior of many coniferous species in temperate forest has been comprehensively evaluated, few studies have covered broadleaf tropical trees. This research aims at demonstrating the application of a new precision triaxial accelerometer to assess branch sway of an urban tree in tropical Hong Kong, testing the use of quantitative... | ||
| Inequities in the quality of urban park systems: An environmental justice investigation of cities in the United States | ||
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| Publication date: October 2018Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 178Author(s): Alessandro Rigolon, Matthew Browning, Viniece JenningsAbstractA growing body of research shows affluent White neighborhoods have more acres of parks and more park facilities than low-income ethnic minority communities in many Global North cities. Most of these investigations focused on neighborhood-level differences and did not analyze broader inequities across cities. This is a particularly significant limitation in the U.S., where changes in the political economy of parks due to a reduced local tax... | ||
| Park characteristics preferred for adolescent park visitation and physical activity: A choice-based conjoint analysis using manipulated photographs | ||
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| Publication date: October 2018Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 178Author(s): Linde Van Hecke, Ariane Ghekiere, Jelle Van Cauwenberg, Jenny Veitch, Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij, Delfien Van Dyck, Peter Clarys, Nico Van De Weghe, Benedicte DeforcheAbstractAdolescents should engage in 60 min of physical activity daily in order to obtain health benefits. Creating environments supportive for physical activity, could be a valuable strategy to increase physical activity at the population level. The purpose of this study was to understand the relative importance of park characteristics for... | ||
| Enriching green exercise research | ||
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| Publication date: October 2018Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 178Author(s): Jarkko Bamberg, Russell Hitchings, Alan LathamAbstractThere is a growing body of research that, under the banner of ‘green exercise’, considers the additional physical and psychological benefits that may be accrued by those who exercise in ‘natural’ environments. This essay considers the implications of how this research has been conducted to date and argues that it may be usefully enriched by a fuller examination of how exercise and environment come together in less controlled conditions... | ||
| Establishing street trees in stormwater control measures can double tree growth when extended waterlogging is avoided | ||
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| Publication date: October 2018Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 178Author(s): Vaughn Grey, Stephen J. Livesley, Tim D. Fletcher, Christopher SzotaAbstractCities around the world are embracing stormwater control measures (SCMs) to reduce the environmental damage caused by impervious runoff. At the same time, there is a push to increase tree canopy cover to green neighborhoods and mitigate urban heat. Establishing SCMs that include trees may achieve these two objectives, but it is important to understand which design characteristics promote or reduce tree health and growth. We... | ||
| Turning place into space – Place motivations and place spaces in Tasmania | ||
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| Publication date: October 2018Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 178Author(s): Jamie B. Kirkpatrick, Ted Lefroy, Andrew HarwoodAbstractStrong attachments to places are important in understanding the politics of environmental planning, but, as in Tasmania, Australia, are not usually incorporated in planning criteria and standards. We determine whether groups of individuals have similar spatial patterns of attachment at a State scale in Tasmania, and whether attachments to these ‘place spaces’ are differently motivated, and socially or environmentally determined. We used... | ||
| A multi-city comparison of front and backyard differences in plant species diversity and nitrogen cycling in residential landscapes | ||
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| Publication date: October 2018Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 178Author(s): Dexter H. Locke, Meghan Avolio, Tara Trammel, Rinku Roy Chowdhury, J. Morgan Grove, John Rogan, Deborah G. Martin, Neil Bettez, Jeannine Cavender-Bares, Peter M. Groffman, Sharon J. Hall, James B. Heffernan, Sarah E. Hobbie, Kelli L. Larson, Jennifer L. Morse, Christopher Neill, Laura A. Ogden, Jarlath P.M. O'Neil-Dunne, Diane Pataki, William D. PearseAbstractWe hypothesize that lower public visibility of residential backyards reduces households’ desire for social conformity, which alters residential... | ||
| Urban core areas are important for species conservation: A European-level analysis of breeding bird species | ||
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| Publication date: October 2018Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 178Author(s): Jukka Jokimäki, Jukka Suhonen, Marja-Liisa Kaisanlahti-JokimäkiAbstractNatural habitats and species richness have decreased due to the urbanization. The main aim of this study was to determine whether heavily urbanized town centers can also harbor threatened bird species. Twenty-six threatened species nested in the most urbanized areas of European towns. Species-rich areas had a high number of threatened species, indicating that overall species richness could be used as a surrogate for the large... | ||
| Household and block level influences on residential fertilizer use | ||
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| Publication date: October 2018Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 178Author(s): Amanda R. Carrico, Urooj S. Raja, Jim Fraser, Michael P. VandenberghAbstractUrban and suburban lawns make up a large share of land use in the US. Maintaining lawns to fulfill aesthetic norms has environmental consequences. In this analysis, we examine household decisions to apply nitrogen-containing lawn fertilizer. Using survey data of 298 households in Nashville, Tennessee, we first examine the prevalence of fertilizer use and the rate of annual nitrogen applied. We find that the resulting... | ||
| Enhancing conservation network design with graph-theory and a measure of protected area effectiveness: Refining wildlife corridors in Belize, Central America | ||
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| Publication date: October 2018Source: Landscape and Urban Planning, Volume 178Author(s): Maarten P.G. Hofman, Matthew W. Hayward, Marcella J. Kelly, Niko BalkenholAbstractMaintaining connectivity among remaining natural areas has become increasingly important to ameliorate the negative effects of habitat loss and fragmentation on wildlife populations. Early corridor networks were based on structural connectivity (i.e. habitat structure) and designed to connect protected areas. In recent decades, many methods have been developed to increase the ecological realism of such corridor design to... | ||
